What do these musical terms mean?

Question

What do these musical terms mean?

Answer 1

it means that you should do your homework yourself

Answer 2

Just wanted to add my two cents to the debate between those two. I immagine that you found this marking in Beethoven's 14th sonata, so everyone is right when they say that Senza Sordino means 'without pedal'. However, the literal translation would be 'Always as quiet as possible and without damper/mute'. I have to go with Lisa. There are no 'dampers' on the piano that make it softer. Dampers are the felt things that rest on the top of the piano's strings which cut off the sound before it finishes vibrating on its own. The Una Corda pedal, in contrast, only moves the hammers over so that they hit fewer strings, making the sound softer. 'Senza Sordino' has nothing to do with the soft pedal. Beethoven wouldn't put a direction to play pianissimo right next to a direction to use the soft pedal; it's redundant. Also, if you found that 'Senza Sordino' marked in another instrument's music, it would mean something entirely different. In a stringed instrument, it could be taken to mean 'use a lot of vibrato', which I believe makes the note sustain longer. On the timpani, it would mean not to cut the note off after its marked value, to let it ring until it dies on its own. Touching the top of the timpani is similar to taking off the damper pedal on the piano, because it kills the sound before they stop ringing on their own.

Answer 3

Really do your own homework!



Dominant and sub-dominant are scale degrees. The dominant is the 5th of a scale, and the sub-dominant is the fourth note. So in a C major scale, the Dominant would be a G, an the sub-dominant would be an F.



Augmented has several uses. It means stretched... An augmented chord is a triad that is built on two Major chords...



Fourths, Fifths and sixths are intervals... You should know what those are seeing as they are the most basic music theory you can learn...



This is the gist of it...

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/49/Interval_numbers.gif



Suspension is when the harmony shifts from one chord to another, but one or more notes of the first chord are temporarily held over into the second in which they are nonchord tones before resolving to a chord tone.



Pedal can mean different things, on weather it is a harp, piano or timpani, or a bicycle... It changes the instrument to make it sound different, by all basic means.



A note or tone? Are you serious?



Dissonance is a sound that is needing to be resolved to consonance... Sometimes an unpleasant sound... A combination of tones contextually considered to suggest unrelieved tension and require resolution... You get the idea?



Hope this helped somewhat...

Answer 4

hey!!! USE



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Definition



Don't trust any of us, somebody one day may mess up your homework assignments!!!



Here is one example:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub-Dominant

Answer 5

DOMINANT : ADJECTIVE : commanding, controlling, or prevailing over all other

very important, powerful, or successful overlooking and commanding from a superior position of, relating to, or exerting ecological or genetic dominancebeing the one of a pair of bodily structures that is the more effective or predominant in action



NOUN: the fifth tone of a major or minor scale

a dominant genetic character or factor any of one or more kinds of organism (as a species) in an ecological community that exerts a controlling influence on the environment and thereby largely determines what other kinds of organisms are present a dominant individual in a social hierarchy



SUB-DOMINANT : the fourth tone of a major or minor scale something partly but incompletely dominant ; especially : an ecologically important life form subordinate in influence to the dominants of a community



AUGMENTED : of a musical interval : made one half step greater than major or perfect



AUGMENTED {VERB} : : to make greater, more numerous, larger, or more intense

2 : to add an augment to

3 : supplement

intransitive verb

: to become augmented



AUGMENTED MATRIX : : a matrix whose elements are the coefficients of a set of simultaneous linear equations with the constant terms of the equations entered in an added column





SUSPENSION : 1: the act of suspending : the state or period of being suspended: as a: temporary removal (as from office or privileges) b: temporary withholding (as of belief or decision) c: temporary abrogation of a law or rule d (1): the holding over of one or more musical tones of a chord into the following chord producing a momentary discord and suspending the concord which the ear expects ; specifically : such a dissonance which resolves downward — compare anticipation , retardation (2): the tone thus held over e: stoppage of payment of business obligations : failure —used especially of a business or a bank f: a rhetorical device whereby the principal idea is deferred to the end of a sentence or longer unit



PEDAL NOTE : one of the lowest tones that can be sounded on a brass instrument being an octave below the normal usable range and representing the fundamental of the harmonic series



PEDAL TONE : {PEDAL POINT} : a single tone usually the tonic or dominant that is normally sustained in the bass and sounds against changing harmonies in the other parts



DISSONANCE : 1 a: lack of agreement ; especially : inconsistency between the beliefs one holds or between one's actions and one's beliefs — compare cognitive dissonance b: an instance of such inconsistency or disagreement a mingling of discordant sounds ; especially : a clashing or unresolved musical interval or chord

Answer 6

Sub-tonic???????????????



You mean LEADING NOTE surely

Answer 7

These are all called INTERVALS or CHORDS.



Firstly, you need to know about a major scale. Take C major, for example.



C is the ROOT, the first note of C major. Also known as the TONIC.

D is note 2, so is therefore a SECOND (interval) away from note 1 , C. This is the SUPERTONIC.

E is the 3rd note. The MEDIANT.

F is the 4th note, a perfect 4th away from C, and also is the SUB-DOMINANT

G is the 5th, also known as a perfect 5th, and is the DOMINANT.

A is the 6th, SUB-MEDIANT

B is the 7th, SUB-TONIC

C -the octave above the C you started on, so back to the TONIC.



will that do for starters??



Let me know



Anne x

Answer 8

The fifth tone of the scale.dominant

dominant chordThe chord or triad that is based on the fifth tone of the scale. In the key of C, the dominant triad would consist of G, B, and D. A dominant seventh chord is a dominant chord with a seventh added; in the key of C, the dominant seventh chord would consist of G, B, D, and F.



Unfortunately this will not help you to be less confused as you probably already have the definitions in your book somewhere. But, as the daughter of a mom who went to Julliard School of Music, I feel qualified to say that music is wonderful and can give you a lifetime of pleasure. the only way this will happen, though, is if you are willing to put some hard work and thought into it.



How do you even know that the information I am giving you is correct? It is but it won't help you if you don't work at it. Love Kathleen the mom



subdominant That tone that is one step below the dominant of a key.



augmented Made larger as in chords, intervals or phrases.



In part writing, a suspension is a situation in which a single note of one chord is held over into another chord, thus creating a dissonance



pedal note:The fundamental note of a brass instrument.



Two or more notes sounded together which are discordant, and, in the prevailing harmonic system, require resolution to a consonance.

Answer 9

Let me help you......



1. Dominant---the fifth degree of a major or minor scale, often expressed as the Roman numeral V or v.



2. Sub-dominant--the fourth degree of a major or minor scale, often expressed as the Roman numeral IV or iv.



3. Augmented--this means on any interval, you raise or lower either the top note of the interval or the bottom note of an interval one semitone (or one half step). For instance, on a typical perfect 4th, with the notes A-D, if you raise the note D one semitone to D#, hence making the interval A-D#, you have created an augmented 4th. In chord symbols, augmented is often abbreviated "+" or "aug", or sometimes, "A" (for example, "A5"--augmented fifth, or "G7+5"--a G7 chord with the fifth in the chord augmented)



4. Suspension--this is usually a nonharmonic tone on a dominant (or V chord) that resolves to a harmonic tone. Take the chord G-C-D, which is the V of C major.

The "C" is the suspension. Now resolve the "C" by lowering it one semitone while keeping the other notes (G, D) intact. The result is the note "B", which is the resolution..hence making a G chord (G-B-D).

In chord symbols, "suspension" is abbreviated "sus" (e.g, Bbsus)



5. Pedal note....often this is called a pedal point or organ point. You see this a lot in the music of Bach. This means that the note is held through constant chordal changes. (Listen to the opening of the Saint-Saens piano concerto in G minor, where in the solo piano part, you hear the pedal note, G, in the bass over changing chords...a great music example).



6. Dissonance....Anything that makes the music discordant, or the state of music being discordant. Generally, the term refers to the nonharmonic tones of a chord, but can mean any note or chord, or any tone row or motif or melody that makes the music generally displeasing or not understandable to the music listener.



I also anticipate that you have other terms you are worried about...the submediant, the mediant, the leading tone, and the supertonic....

Here are all of the meanings...



7. Submediant---the sixth degree of the major or minor scale, often expressed in the Roman numeral VI or vi.



8. Mediant--the third degree of the major or minor scale, often expressed in the Roman numeral III or iii.



9. Supertonic--the second degree of the major or minor scale, often expressed in the Roman numeral II or ii.



10. Leading tone--the seventh degree of the major or minor scale, often expressed in the Roman numeral VII or vii.



I hope all of this helps you understand some of this difficult music

theory....